Actual source code: tsdiscgrad.c

  1: /*
  2:   Code for timestepping with discrete gradient integrators
  3: */
  4: #include <petsc/private/tsimpl.h>
  5: #include <petscdm.h>
  6: #include <petsc/private/snesimpl.h>

  8: PetscBool  DGCite       = PETSC_FALSE;
  9: const char DGCitation[] = "@article{Gonzalez1996,\n"
 10:                           "  title   = {Time integration and discrete Hamiltonian systems},\n"
 11:                           "  author  = {Oscar Gonzalez},\n"
 12:                           "  journal = {Journal of Nonlinear Science},\n"
 13:                           "  volume  = {6},\n"
 14:                           "  pages   = {449--467},\n"
 15:                           "  doi     = {10.1007/978-1-4612-1246-1_10},\n"
 16:                           "  year    = {1996}\n}\n";

 18: const char *DGTypes[] = {"gonzalez", "average", "none", "TSDGType", "DG_", NULL};

 20: typedef struct {
 21:   PetscReal stage_time;
 22:   Vec       X0, X, Xdot;
 23:   void     *funcCtx;
 24:   TSDGType  discgrad; /* Type of electrostatic model */
 25:   PetscErrorCode (*Sfunc)(TS, PetscReal, Vec, Mat, void *);
 26:   PetscErrorCode (*Ffunc)(TS, PetscReal, Vec, PetscScalar *, void *);
 27:   PetscErrorCode (*Gfunc)(TS, PetscReal, Vec, Vec, void *);
 28:   PetscErrorCode (*IGfunc)(TS, PetscReal, Vec, Vec, Vec, void *);
 29:   PetscErrorCode (*IGjac)(TS, PetscReal, Vec, Vec, PetscReal, Mat, Mat, void *);
 30: } TS_DiscGrad;

 32: /*@
 33:   TSDiscGradGetX0AndXdot - Gets the last solution and current time derivative held inside the `TS`

 35:   Collective

 37:   Input Parameters:
 38: + ts - The `TS`
 39: - dm - The `DM`, or `NULL` to use the embedded `DM`

 41:   Output Parameters:
 42: + X0   - The solution from the last timestep
 43: - Xdot - The current solution time derivative

 45:   Level: advanced

 47: .seealso: [](ch_ts), `TSDISCGRAD`, `TSDiscGradRestoreX0AndXdot()`
 48: @*/
 49: PetscErrorCode TSDiscGradGetX0AndXdot(TS ts, DM dm, Vec *X0, Vec *Xdot)
 50: {
 51:   TS_DiscGrad *dg = (TS_DiscGrad *)ts->data;

 53:   PetscFunctionBegin;
 54:   if (X0) {
 55:     if (dm && dm != ts->dm) PetscCall(DMGetNamedGlobalVector(dm, "TSDiscGrad_X0", X0));
 56:     else *X0 = ts->vec_sol;
 57:   }
 58:   if (Xdot) {
 59:     if (dm && dm != ts->dm) PetscCall(DMGetNamedGlobalVector(dm, "TSDiscGrad_Xdot", Xdot));
 60:     else *Xdot = dg->Xdot;
 61:   }
 62:   PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
 63: }

 65: /*@
 66:   TSDiscGradRestoreX0AndXdot - Restores the last solution and current time derivative held inside the `TS`

 68:   Collective

 70:   Input Parameters:
 71: + ts   - The `TS`
 72: . dm   - The `DM`, or `NULL` to use the embedded `DM`
 73: . X0   - The solution from the last timestep
 74: - Xdot - The current solution time derivative

 76:   Level: advanced

 78: .seealso: [](ch_ts), `TSDISCGRAD`, `TSDiscGradGetX0AndXdot()`
 79: @*/
 80: PetscErrorCode TSDiscGradRestoreX0AndXdot(TS ts, DM dm, Vec *X0, Vec *Xdot)
 81: {
 82:   PetscFunctionBegin;
 83:   if (X0) {
 84:     if (dm && dm != ts->dm) PetscCall(DMRestoreNamedGlobalVector(dm, "TSDiscGrad_X0", X0));
 85:   }
 86:   if (Xdot) {
 87:     if (dm && dm != ts->dm) PetscCall(DMRestoreNamedGlobalVector(dm, "TSDiscGrad_Xdot", Xdot));
 88:   }
 89:   PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
 90: }

 92: static PetscErrorCode DestroyInnerTS_Private(PetscCtxRt ptr)
 93: {
 94:   PetscFunctionBegin;
 95:   PetscCall(TSDestroy((TS *)ptr));
 96:   PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
 97: }

 99: static PetscErrorCode DMCoarsenHook_TSDiscGrad(DM fine, DM coarse, PetscCtx ctx)
100: {
101:   DMSNES dmsnesFine, dmsnesCoarse;

103:   PetscFunctionBegin;
104:   PetscCall(DMGetDMSNES(fine, &dmsnesFine));
105:   PetscCall(DMGetDMSNES(coarse, &dmsnesCoarse));
106:   if (dmsnesCoarse->ops->computefunction == SNESTSFormFunction) {
107:     // The context for this callback is a TS, which we need to recreate for the coarse problem
108:     TS       tsFine, tsCoarse;
109:     MPI_Comm comm;

111:     PetscCall(PetscContainerGetPointer(dmsnesFine->functionctxcontainer, &tsFine));
112:     PetscCall(TSCreate(PetscObjectComm((PetscObject)tsFine), &tsCoarse));
113:     PetscCall(TSSetType(tsCoarse, TSDISCGRAD));
114:     PetscCall(TSSetDM(tsCoarse, coarse));
115:     PetscCall(TSSetFromOptions(tsCoarse));
116:     PetscCall(TSSetUp(tsCoarse));
117:     {
118:       TS_DiscGrad *dgFine   = (TS_DiscGrad *)tsFine->data;
119:       TS_DiscGrad *dgCoarse = (TS_DiscGrad *)tsCoarse->data;

121:       tsCoarse->steps               = tsFine->steps;
122:       tsCoarse->ptime               = tsFine->ptime;
123:       tsCoarse->time_step           = tsFine->time_step;
124:       tsCoarse->time_step0          = tsFine->time_step0;
125:       tsCoarse->ptime_prev          = tsFine->ptime_prev;
126:       tsCoarse->ptime_prev_rollback = tsFine->ptime_prev_rollback;
127:       tsCoarse->solvetime           = tsFine->solvetime;

129:       dgCoarse->stage_time = dgFine->stage_time;
130:       dgCoarse->funcCtx    = dgFine->funcCtx;
131:       dgCoarse->discgrad   = dgFine->discgrad;
132:       dgCoarse->Sfunc      = dgFine->Sfunc;
133:       dgCoarse->Gfunc      = dgFine->Gfunc;
134:       dgCoarse->Ffunc      = dgFine->Ffunc;
135:       dgCoarse->IGfunc     = dgFine->IGfunc;
136:       dgCoarse->IGjac      = dgFine->IGjac;
137:     }
138:     PetscCall(PetscObjectGetComm((PetscObject)dmsnesCoarse->functionctxcontainer, &comm));
139:     // Check this destruction for memory problems
140:     PetscCall(PetscContainerDestroy(&dmsnesCoarse->functionctxcontainer));
141:     PetscCall(PetscContainerCreate(comm, &dmsnesCoarse->functionctxcontainer));
142:     PetscCall(PetscContainerSetPointer(dmsnesCoarse->functionctxcontainer, tsCoarse));
143:     PetscCall(PetscContainerSetCtxDestroy(dmsnesCoarse->functionctxcontainer, DestroyInnerTS_Private));
144:   }
145:   PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
146: }

148: static PetscErrorCode DMRestrictHook_TSDiscGrad(DM fine, Mat restrct, Vec rscale, Mat inject, DM coarse, PetscCtx ctx)
149: {
150:   TS  ts = (TS)ctx;
151:   Vec X0, Xdot, X0_c, Xdot_c;

153:   PetscFunctionBegin;
154:   PetscCall(TSDiscGradGetX0AndXdot(ts, fine, &X0, &Xdot));
155:   PetscCall(TSDiscGradGetX0AndXdot(ts, coarse, &X0_c, &Xdot_c));
156:   PetscCall(MatRestrict(restrct, X0, X0_c));
157:   PetscCall(MatRestrict(restrct, Xdot, Xdot_c));
158:   PetscCall(VecPointwiseMult(X0_c, rscale, X0_c));
159:   PetscCall(VecPointwiseMult(Xdot_c, rscale, Xdot_c));
160:   PetscCall(TSDiscGradRestoreX0AndXdot(ts, fine, &X0, &Xdot));
161:   PetscCall(TSDiscGradRestoreX0AndXdot(ts, coarse, &X0_c, &Xdot_c));
162:   PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
163: }

165: static PetscErrorCode DMSubDomainHook_TSDiscGrad(DM dm, DM subdm, PetscCtx ctx)
166: {
167:   PetscFunctionBegin;
168:   PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
169: }

171: static PetscErrorCode DMSubDomainRestrictHook_TSDiscGrad(DM dm, VecScatter gscat, VecScatter lscat, DM subdm, PetscCtx ctx)
172: {
173:   TS  ts = (TS)ctx;
174:   Vec X0, Xdot, X0_sub, Xdot_sub;

176:   PetscFunctionBegin;
177:   PetscCall(TSDiscGradGetX0AndXdot(ts, dm, &X0, &Xdot));
178:   PetscCall(TSDiscGradGetX0AndXdot(ts, subdm, &X0_sub, &Xdot_sub));

180:   PetscCall(VecScatterBegin(gscat, X0, X0_sub, INSERT_VALUES, SCATTER_FORWARD));
181:   PetscCall(VecScatterEnd(gscat, X0, X0_sub, INSERT_VALUES, SCATTER_FORWARD));

183:   PetscCall(VecScatterBegin(gscat, Xdot, Xdot_sub, INSERT_VALUES, SCATTER_FORWARD));
184:   PetscCall(VecScatterEnd(gscat, Xdot, Xdot_sub, INSERT_VALUES, SCATTER_FORWARD));

186:   PetscCall(TSDiscGradRestoreX0AndXdot(ts, dm, &X0, &Xdot));
187:   PetscCall(TSDiscGradRestoreX0AndXdot(ts, subdm, &X0_sub, &Xdot_sub));
188:   PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
189: }

191: static PetscErrorCode TSSetUp_DiscGrad(TS ts)
192: {
193:   TS_DiscGrad *dg = (TS_DiscGrad *)ts->data;
194:   DM           dm;

196:   PetscFunctionBegin;
197:   if (!dg->X) PetscCall(VecDuplicate(ts->vec_sol, &dg->X));
198:   if (!dg->X0) PetscCall(VecDuplicate(ts->vec_sol, &dg->X0));
199:   if (!dg->Xdot) PetscCall(VecDuplicate(ts->vec_sol, &dg->Xdot));

201:   PetscCall(TSGetDM(ts, &dm));
202:   PetscCall(DMCoarsenHookAdd(dm, DMCoarsenHook_TSDiscGrad, DMRestrictHook_TSDiscGrad, ts));
203:   PetscCall(DMSubDomainHookAdd(dm, DMSubDomainHook_TSDiscGrad, DMSubDomainRestrictHook_TSDiscGrad, ts));
204:   PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
205: }

207: static PetscErrorCode TSSetFromOptions_DiscGrad(TS ts, PetscOptionItems PetscOptionsObject)
208: {
209:   TS_DiscGrad *dg = (TS_DiscGrad *)ts->data;

211:   PetscFunctionBegin;
212:   PetscOptionsHeadBegin(PetscOptionsObject, "Discrete Gradients ODE solver options");
213:   {
214:     PetscCall(PetscOptionsEnum("-ts_discgrad_type", "Type of discrete gradient solver", "TSDiscGradSetDGType", DGTypes, (PetscEnum)dg->discgrad, (PetscEnum *)&dg->discgrad, NULL));
215:   }
216:   PetscOptionsHeadEnd();
217:   PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
218: }

220: static PetscErrorCode TSView_DiscGrad(TS ts, PetscViewer viewer)
221: {
222:   PetscBool isascii;

224:   PetscFunctionBegin;
225:   PetscCall(PetscObjectTypeCompare((PetscObject)viewer, PETSCVIEWERASCII, &isascii));
226:   if (isascii) PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(viewer, "  Discrete Gradients\n"));
227:   PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
228: }

230: static PetscErrorCode TSDiscGradGetType_DiscGrad(TS ts, TSDGType *dgtype)
231: {
232:   TS_DiscGrad *dg = (TS_DiscGrad *)ts->data;

234:   PetscFunctionBegin;
235:   *dgtype = dg->discgrad;
236:   PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
237: }

239: static PetscErrorCode TSDiscGradSetType_DiscGrad(TS ts, TSDGType dgtype)
240: {
241:   TS_DiscGrad *dg = (TS_DiscGrad *)ts->data;

243:   PetscFunctionBegin;
244:   dg->discgrad = dgtype;
245:   PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
246: }

248: static PetscErrorCode TSReset_DiscGrad(TS ts)
249: {
250:   TS_DiscGrad *dg = (TS_DiscGrad *)ts->data;

252:   PetscFunctionBegin;
253:   PetscCall(VecDestroy(&dg->X));
254:   PetscCall(VecDestroy(&dg->X0));
255:   PetscCall(VecDestroy(&dg->Xdot));
256:   PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
257: }

259: static PetscErrorCode TSDestroy_DiscGrad(TS ts)
260: {
261:   DM dm;

263:   PetscFunctionBegin;
264:   PetscCall(TSReset_DiscGrad(ts));
265:   PetscCall(TSGetDM(ts, &dm));
266:   if (dm) {
267:     PetscCall(DMCoarsenHookRemove(dm, DMCoarsenHook_TSDiscGrad, DMRestrictHook_TSDiscGrad, ts));
268:     PetscCall(DMSubDomainHookRemove(dm, DMSubDomainHook_TSDiscGrad, DMSubDomainRestrictHook_TSDiscGrad, ts));
269:   }
270:   PetscCall(PetscFree(ts->data));
271:   PetscCall(PetscObjectComposeFunction((PetscObject)ts, "TSDiscGradGetFormulation_C", NULL));
272:   PetscCall(PetscObjectComposeFunction((PetscObject)ts, "TSDiscGradSetFormulation_C", NULL));
273:   PetscCall(PetscObjectComposeFunction((PetscObject)ts, "TSDiscGradGetType_C", NULL));
274:   PetscCall(PetscObjectComposeFunction((PetscObject)ts, "TSDiscGradSetType_C", NULL));
275:   PetscCall(PetscObjectComposeFunction((PetscObject)ts, "TSDiscGradSetImplicitFormulation_C", NULL));
276:   PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
277: }

279: static PetscErrorCode TSInterpolate_DiscGrad(TS ts, PetscReal t, Vec X)
280: {
281:   TS_DiscGrad *dg = (TS_DiscGrad *)ts->data;
282:   PetscReal    dt = t - ts->ptime;

284:   PetscFunctionBegin;
285:   PetscCall(VecCopy(ts->vec_sol, dg->X));
286:   PetscCall(VecWAXPY(X, dt, dg->Xdot, dg->X));
287:   PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
288: }

290: static PetscErrorCode TSDiscGrad_SNESSolve(TS ts, Vec b, Vec x)
291: {
292:   SNES     snes;
293:   PetscInt nits, lits;

295:   PetscFunctionBegin;
296:   PetscCall(TSGetSNES(ts, &snes));
297:   PetscCall(SNESSolve(snes, b, x));
298:   PetscCall(SNESGetIterationNumber(snes, &nits));
299:   PetscCall(SNESGetLinearSolveIterations(snes, &lits));
300:   ts->snes_its += nits;
301:   ts->ksp_its += lits;
302:   PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
303: }

305: static PetscErrorCode TSStep_DiscGrad(TS ts)
306: {
307:   TS_DiscGrad *dg = (TS_DiscGrad *)ts->data;
308:   TSAdapt      adapt;
309:   TSStepStatus status     = TS_STEP_INCOMPLETE;
310:   PetscInt     rejections = 0;
311:   PetscBool    stageok, accept = PETSC_TRUE;
312:   PetscReal    next_time_step = ts->time_step;

314:   PetscFunctionBegin;
315:   PetscCall(TSGetAdapt(ts, &adapt));
316:   if (!ts->steprollback) PetscCall(VecCopy(ts->vec_sol, dg->X0));

318:   while (!ts->reason && status != TS_STEP_COMPLETE) {
319:     PetscReal shift = 1 / (0.5 * ts->time_step);

321:     dg->stage_time = ts->ptime + 0.5 * ts->time_step;

323:     PetscCall(VecCopy(dg->X0, dg->X));
324:     PetscCall(TSPreStage(ts, dg->stage_time));
325:     PetscCall(TSDiscGrad_SNESSolve(ts, NULL, dg->X));
326:     PetscCall(TSPostStage(ts, dg->stage_time, 0, &dg->X));
327:     PetscCall(TSAdaptCheckStage(adapt, ts, dg->stage_time, dg->X, &stageok));
328:     if (!stageok) goto reject_step;

330:     PetscCall(VecAXPBYPCZ(dg->Xdot, -shift, shift, 0, dg->X0, dg->X));
331:     PetscCall(VecAXPY(ts->vec_sol, ts->time_step, dg->Xdot));
332:     PetscCall(TSAdaptChoose(adapt, ts, ts->time_step, NULL, &next_time_step, &accept));
333:     status = accept ? TS_STEP_COMPLETE : TS_STEP_INCOMPLETE;
334:     if (!accept) {
335:       PetscCall(VecCopy(dg->X0, ts->vec_sol));
336:       ts->time_step = next_time_step;
337:       goto reject_step;
338:     }
339:     ts->ptime += ts->time_step;
340:     ts->time_step = next_time_step;
341:     break;

343:   reject_step:
344:     ts->reject++;
345:     accept = PETSC_FALSE;
346:     if (!ts->reason && ts->max_reject >= 0 && ++rejections > ts->max_reject) {
347:       ts->reason = TS_DIVERGED_STEP_REJECTED;
348:       PetscCall(PetscInfo(ts, "Step=%" PetscInt_FMT ", step rejections %" PetscInt_FMT " greater than current TS allowed, stopping solve\n", ts->steps, rejections));
349:     }
350:   }
351:   PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
352: }

354: static PetscErrorCode TSGetStages_DiscGrad(TS ts, PetscInt *ns, Vec **Y)
355: {
356:   TS_DiscGrad *dg = (TS_DiscGrad *)ts->data;

358:   PetscFunctionBegin;
359:   if (ns) *ns = 1;
360:   if (Y) *Y = &dg->X;
361:   PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
362: }

364: /*
365:   This defines the nonlinear equation that is to be solved with SNES
366:     G(U) = F[t0 + 0.5*dt, U, (U-U0)/dt] = 0
367: */

369: /* x = (x+x')/2 */
370: /* NEED TO CALCULATE x_{n+1} from x and x_{n}*/
371: static PetscErrorCode SNESTSFormFunction_DiscGrad(SNES snes, Vec x, Vec y, TS ts)
372: {
373:   TS_DiscGrad *dg = (TS_DiscGrad *)ts->data;
374:   PetscReal    norm, shift = 1 / (0.5 * ts->time_step);
375:   PetscInt     n, dim;
376:   Vec          X0, Xdot, Xp, Xdiff;
377:   Mat          S;
378:   PetscInt    *S_prealloc_arr;
379:   PetscReal    Snorm;
380:   PetscScalar  F = 0, F0 = 0, Gp;
381:   Vec          G, SgF;
382:   DM           dm, dmsave;
383:   MPI_Comm     comm;

385:   PetscFunctionBegin;
386:   PetscCall(SNESGetDM(snes, &dm));
387:   PetscCall(DMGetDimension(dm, &dim));
388:   PetscCall(PetscObjectGetComm((PetscObject)dm, &comm));

390:   PetscCall(VecDuplicate(y, &Xp));
391:   PetscCall(VecDuplicate(y, &Xdiff));
392:   PetscCall(VecDuplicate(y, &SgF));
393:   PetscCall(VecDuplicate(y, &G));

395:   PetscCall(PetscObjectSetName((PetscObject)x, "x"));
396:   PetscCall(VecViewFromOptions(x, NULL, "-x_view"));

398:   PetscCall(VecGetLocalSize(y, &n));
399:   PetscCall(MatCreate(comm, &S));
400:   PetscCall(MatSetSizes(S, n, n, PETSC_DECIDE, PETSC_DECIDE));
401:   PetscCall(MatSetFromOptions(S));
402:   PetscCall(PetscMalloc1(n, &S_prealloc_arr));
403:   for (PetscInt i = 0; i < n; ++i) S_prealloc_arr[i] = 2;
404:   PetscCall(MatXAIJSetPreallocation(S, 1, S_prealloc_arr, NULL, NULL, NULL));
405:   PetscCall(MatSetUp(S));
406:   PetscCheck(dg->Sfunc, comm, PETSC_ERR_ARG_WRONGSTATE, "Sfunc is not set, call TSDiscGradSetFormulation()");
407:   PetscCall((*dg->Sfunc)(ts, dg->stage_time, x, S, dg->funcCtx));
408:   PetscCall(PetscFree(S_prealloc_arr));
409:   PetscCall(PetscObjectSetName((PetscObject)S, "S"));
410:   PetscCall(MatViewFromOptions(S, NULL, "-S_view"));
411:   PetscCall(MatNorm(S, NORM_FROBENIUS, &Snorm));
412:   PetscCall(TSDiscGradGetX0AndXdot(ts, dm, &X0, &Xdot));
413:   PetscCall(VecAXPBYPCZ(Xdot, -shift, shift, 0, X0, x)); /* Xdot = shift (x - X0) */

415:   PetscCall(VecAXPBYPCZ(Xp, -1, 2, 0, X0, x));     /* Xp = 2*x - X0 + (0)*Xp */
416:   PetscCall(VecAXPBYPCZ(Xdiff, -1, 1, 0, X0, Xp)); /* Xdiff = xp - X0 + (0)*Xdiff */

418:   PetscCall(PetscObjectSetName((PetscObject)X0, "X0"));
419:   PetscCall(PetscObjectSetName((PetscObject)Xp, "Xp"));
420:   PetscCall(VecViewFromOptions(X0, NULL, "-X0_view"));
421:   PetscCall(VecViewFromOptions(Xp, NULL, "-Xp_view"));

423:   if (Snorm == 0.) {
424:     PetscCall(VecZeroEntries(G));
425:     PetscCall(VecViewFromOptions(x, NULL, "-y_view"));
426:     PetscCall(VecViewFromOptions(Xdot, NULL, "-Xdot_view"));
427:     PetscCheck(dg->IGfunc, comm, PETSC_ERR_ARG_WRONGSTATE, "IGfunc is not set, call TSDiscGradSetImplicitFormulation()");
428:     PetscCall((*dg->IGfunc)(ts, dg->stage_time, Xp, Xdot, y, dg->funcCtx));
429:     goto end;
430:   }
431:   if (dg->discgrad == TS_DG_AVERAGE) {
432:     /* Average Value DG:
433:     \overline{\nabla} F (x_{n+1},x_{n}) = \int_0^1 \nabla F ((1-\xi)*x_{n+1} + \xi*x_{n}) d \xi */
434:     PetscQuadrature  quad;
435:     PetscInt         Nq;
436:     const PetscReal *wq, *xq;
437:     Vec              Xquad, den;

439:     PetscCheck(dg->Gfunc, comm, PETSC_ERR_ARG_WRONGSTATE, "Gfunc is not set, call TSDiscGradSetFormulation()");
440:     PetscCall(PetscObjectSetName((PetscObject)G, "G"));
441:     PetscCall(VecDuplicate(G, &Xquad));
442:     PetscCall(VecDuplicate(G, &den));
443:     PetscCall(VecZeroEntries(G));

445:     /* \overline{\nabla} F = \nabla F ((1-\xi) x_{n} + \xi x_{n+1})*/
446:     PetscCall(PetscDTGaussTensorQuadrature(dim, 1, 2, 0.0, 1.0, &quad));
447:     PetscCall(PetscQuadratureGetData(quad, NULL, NULL, &Nq, &xq, &wq));
448:     for (PetscInt q = 0; q < Nq; ++q) {
449:       PetscReal xi = xq[q], xim1 = 1 - xq[q];
450:       PetscCall(VecZeroEntries(Xquad));
451:       PetscCall(VecAXPBYPCZ(Xquad, xi, xim1, 1.0, X0, Xp));
452:       PetscCall((*dg->Gfunc)(ts, dg->stage_time, Xquad, den, dg->funcCtx));
453:       PetscCall(VecAXPY(G, wq[q], den));
454:       PetscCall(PetscObjectSetName((PetscObject)den, "den"));
455:       PetscCall(VecViewFromOptions(den, NULL, "-den_view"));
456:     }
457:     PetscCall(VecDestroy(&Xquad));
458:     PetscCall(VecDestroy(&den));
459:     PetscCall(PetscQuadratureDestroy(&quad));
460:   } else if (dg->discgrad == TS_DG_GONZALEZ) {
461:     PetscCheck(dg->Ffunc, comm, PETSC_ERR_ARG_WRONGSTATE, "Ffunc is not set, call TSDiscGradSetFormulation()");
462:     PetscCheck(dg->Gfunc, comm, PETSC_ERR_ARG_WRONGSTATE, "Gfunc is not set, call TSDiscGradSetFormulation()");
463:     PetscCall((*dg->Ffunc)(ts, dg->stage_time, Xp, &F, dg->funcCtx));
464:     PetscCall((*dg->Ffunc)(ts, dg->stage_time, X0, &F0, dg->funcCtx));
465:     PetscCall((*dg->Gfunc)(ts, dg->stage_time, x, G, dg->funcCtx));

467:     /* Adding Extra Gonzalez Term */
468:     PetscCall(VecDot(Xdiff, G, &Gp));
469:     PetscCall(VecNorm(Xdiff, NORM_2, &norm));
470:     if (norm < PETSC_SQRT_MACHINE_EPSILON) {
471:       Gp = 0;
472:     } else {
473:       /* Gp = (1/|xn+1 - xn|^2) * (F(xn+1) - F(xn) - Gp) */
474:       Gp = (F - F0 - Gp) / PetscSqr(norm);
475:     }
476:     PetscCall(VecAXPY(G, Gp, Xdiff));
477:   } else if (dg->discgrad == TS_DG_NONE) {
478:     PetscCheck(dg->Gfunc, comm, PETSC_ERR_ARG_WRONGSTATE, "Gfunc is not set, call TSDiscGradSetFormulation()");
479:     PetscCall((*dg->Gfunc)(ts, dg->stage_time, x, G, dg->funcCtx));
480:   } else {
481:     SETERRQ(PETSC_COMM_SELF, PETSC_ERR_ARG_WRONG, "DG type not supported.");
482:   }
483:   PetscCall(MatMult(S, G, SgF)); /* Xdot = S*gradF */

485:   PetscCall(PetscObjectSetName((PetscObject)G, "G"));
486:   PetscCall(VecViewFromOptions(G, NULL, "-G_view"));
487:   PetscCall(PetscObjectSetName((PetscObject)SgF, "SgF"));
488:   PetscCall(VecViewFromOptions(SgF, NULL, "-SgF_view"));
489:   /* DM monkey-business allows user code to call TSGetDM() inside of functions evaluated on levels of FAS */
490:   dmsave = ts->dm;
491:   ts->dm = dm;
492:   PetscCall(VecAXPBYPCZ(y, 1, -1, 0, Xdot, SgF));

494:   ts->dm = dmsave;
495: end:
496:   PetscCall(TSDiscGradRestoreX0AndXdot(ts, dm, &X0, &Xdot));

498:   PetscCall(VecDestroy(&Xp));
499:   PetscCall(VecDestroy(&Xdiff));
500:   PetscCall(VecDestroy(&SgF));
501:   PetscCall(VecDestroy(&G));
502:   PetscCall(MatDestroy(&S));
503:   PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
504: }

506: static PetscErrorCode SNESTSFormJacobian_DiscGrad(SNES snes, Vec x, Mat A, Mat B, TS ts)
507: {
508:   TS_DiscGrad *dg    = (TS_DiscGrad *)ts->data;
509:   PetscReal    shift = 1 / (0.5 * ts->time_step);
510:   Vec          Xdot;
511:   DM           dm, dmsave;

513:   PetscFunctionBegin;
514:   PetscCall(SNESGetDM(snes, &dm));
515:   /* Xdot has already been computed in SNESTSFormFunction_DiscGrad (SNES guarantees this) */
516:   PetscCall(TSDiscGradGetX0AndXdot(ts, dm, NULL, &Xdot));

518:   dmsave = ts->dm;
519:   ts->dm = dm;
520:   if (dg->IGjac) PetscCall(TSComputeIJacobian_Internal(ts, dg->IGjac, NULL, dg->funcCtx, dg->stage_time, x, Xdot, shift, A, B, PETSC_FALSE));
521:   else PetscCall(TSComputeIJacobian(ts, dg->stage_time, x, Xdot, shift, A, B, PETSC_FALSE));
522:   ts->dm = dmsave;
523:   PetscCall(TSDiscGradRestoreX0AndXdot(ts, dm, NULL, &Xdot));
524:   PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
525: }

527: static PetscErrorCode TSDiscGradGetFormulation_DiscGrad(TS ts, PetscErrorCode (**Sfunc)(TS, PetscReal, Vec, Mat, void *), PetscErrorCode (**Ffunc)(TS, PetscReal, Vec, PetscScalar *, void *), PetscErrorCode (**Gfunc)(TS, PetscReal, Vec, Vec, void *), PetscCtx ctx)
528: {
529:   TS_DiscGrad *dg = (TS_DiscGrad *)ts->data;

531:   PetscFunctionBegin;
532:   *Sfunc = dg->Sfunc;
533:   *Ffunc = dg->Ffunc;
534:   *Gfunc = dg->Gfunc;
535:   PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
536: }

538: static PetscErrorCode TSDiscGradSetFormulation_DiscGrad(TS ts, PetscErrorCode (*Sfunc)(TS, PetscReal, Vec, Mat, void *), PetscErrorCode (*Ffunc)(TS, PetscReal, Vec, PetscScalar *, void *), PetscErrorCode (*Gfunc)(TS, PetscReal, Vec, Vec, void *), PetscCtx ctx)
539: {
540:   TS_DiscGrad *dg = (TS_DiscGrad *)ts->data;

542:   PetscFunctionBegin;
543:   dg->Sfunc   = Sfunc;
544:   dg->Ffunc   = Ffunc;
545:   dg->Gfunc   = Gfunc;
546:   dg->funcCtx = ctx;
547:   PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
548: }

550: static PetscErrorCode TSDiscGradSetImplicitFormulation_DiscGrad(TS ts, PetscErrorCode (*IGfunc)(TS ts, PetscReal time, Vec u, Vec u_t, Vec G, void *ctx), PetscErrorCode (*IGjac)(TS ts, PetscReal time, Vec u, Vec u_t, PetscReal shift, Mat J, Mat Jp, void *ctx))
551: {
552:   TS_DiscGrad *dg = (TS_DiscGrad *)ts->data;

554:   PetscFunctionBegin;
555:   dg->IGfunc = IGfunc;
556:   dg->IGjac  = IGjac;
557:   PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
558: }

560: /*MC
561:   TSDISCGRAD - ODE solver using the discrete gradients version of the implicit midpoint method

563:   Level: intermediate

565:   Notes:
566:   This is the implicit midpoint rule, with an optional term that guarantees the discrete
567:   gradient property. This timestepper applies to systems of the form $u_t = S(u) \nabla F(u)$
568:   where $S(u)$ is a linear operator, and $F$ is a functional of $u$.

570:   For Hamiltonian systems designed to conserve the first integral (energy),
571:   but also has the property for some systems of monotonicity in a functional.

573: .seealso: [](ch_ts), `TSCreate()`, `TSSetType()`, `TS`, `TSType`, `TSDiscGradSetFormulation()`, `TSDiscGradGetFormulation()`,
574:           `TSDiscGradSetType()`, `TSDiscGradGetType()`, `TSDGType`
575: M*/
576: PETSC_EXTERN PetscErrorCode TSCreate_DiscGrad(TS ts)
577: {
578:   TS_DiscGrad *th;

580:   PetscFunctionBegin;
581:   PetscCall(PetscCitationsRegister(DGCitation, &DGCite));
582:   ts->ops->reset          = TSReset_DiscGrad;
583:   ts->ops->destroy        = TSDestroy_DiscGrad;
584:   ts->ops->view           = TSView_DiscGrad;
585:   ts->ops->setfromoptions = TSSetFromOptions_DiscGrad;
586:   ts->ops->setup          = TSSetUp_DiscGrad;
587:   ts->ops->step           = TSStep_DiscGrad;
588:   ts->ops->interpolate    = TSInterpolate_DiscGrad;
589:   ts->ops->getstages      = TSGetStages_DiscGrad;
590:   ts->ops->snesfunction   = SNESTSFormFunction_DiscGrad;
591:   ts->ops->snesjacobian   = SNESTSFormJacobian_DiscGrad;
592:   ts->default_adapt_type  = TSADAPTNONE;

594:   ts->usessnes = PETSC_TRUE;

596:   PetscCall(PetscNew(&th));
597:   ts->data = (void *)th;

599:   th->discgrad = TS_DG_NONE;

601:   PetscCall(PetscObjectComposeFunction((PetscObject)ts, "TSDiscGradGetFormulation_C", TSDiscGradGetFormulation_DiscGrad));
602:   PetscCall(PetscObjectComposeFunction((PetscObject)ts, "TSDiscGradSetFormulation_C", TSDiscGradSetFormulation_DiscGrad));
603:   PetscCall(PetscObjectComposeFunction((PetscObject)ts, "TSDiscGradGetType_C", TSDiscGradGetType_DiscGrad));
604:   PetscCall(PetscObjectComposeFunction((PetscObject)ts, "TSDiscGradSetType_C", TSDiscGradSetType_DiscGrad));
605:   PetscCall(PetscObjectComposeFunction((PetscObject)ts, "TSDiscGradSetImplicitFormulation_C", TSDiscGradSetImplicitFormulation_DiscGrad));
606:   PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
607: }

609: /*@
610:   TSDiscGradGetFormulation - Get the construction method for S, F, and grad F from the
611:   formulation $u_t = S \nabla F$ for `TSDISCGRAD`

613:   Not Collective

615:   Input Parameter:
616: . ts - timestepping context

618:   Output Parameters:
619: + Sfunc - constructor for the S matrix from the formulation
620: . Ffunc - functional F from the formulation
621: . Gfunc - constructor for the gradient of F from the formulation
622: - ctx   - the application context

624:   Calling sequence of `Sfunc`:
625: + ts   - the integrator
626: . time - the current time
627: . u    - the solution
628: . S    - the S-matrix from the formulation
629: - ctx  - the application context

631:   Calling sequence of `Ffunc`:
632: + ts   - the integrator
633: . time - the current time
634: . u    - the solution
635: . F    - the computed function from the formulation
636: - ctx  - the application context

638:   Calling sequence of `Gfunc`:
639: + ts   - the integrator
640: . time - the current time
641: . u    - the solution
642: . G    - the gradient of the computed function from the formulation
643: - ctx  - the application context

645:   Level: intermediate

647: .seealso: [](ch_ts), `TS`, `TSDISCGRAD`, `TSDiscGradSetFormulation()`, `TSDiscGradSetImplicitFormulation()`
648: @*/
649: PetscErrorCode TSDiscGradGetFormulation(TS ts, PetscErrorCode (**Sfunc)(TS ts, PetscReal time, Vec u, Mat S, PetscCtx ctx), PetscErrorCode (**Ffunc)(TS ts, PetscReal time, Vec u, PetscScalar *F, PetscCtx ctx), PetscErrorCode (**Gfunc)(TS ts, PetscReal time, Vec u, Vec G, PetscCtx ctx), PetscCtx ctx)
650: {
651:   PetscFunctionBegin;
653:   PetscAssertPointer(Sfunc, 2);
654:   PetscAssertPointer(Ffunc, 3);
655:   PetscAssertPointer(Gfunc, 4);
656:   PetscUseMethod(ts, "TSDiscGradGetFormulation_C", (TS, PetscErrorCode (**Sfunc)(TS, PetscReal, Vec, Mat, void *), PetscErrorCode (**Ffunc)(TS, PetscReal, Vec, PetscScalar *, void *), PetscErrorCode (**Gfunc)(TS, PetscReal, Vec, Vec, void *), void *), (ts, Sfunc, Ffunc, Gfunc, ctx));
657:   PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
658: }

660: /*@
661:   TSDiscGradSetFormulation - Set the construction method for S, F, and grad F from the
662:   formulation $u_t = S(u) \nabla F(u)$ for `TSDISCGRAD`

664:   Not Collective

666:   Input Parameters:
667: + ts    - timestepping context
668: . Sfunc - constructor for the S matrix from the formulation
669: . Ffunc - functional F from the formulation
670: . Gfunc - constructor for the gradient of F from the formulation
671: - ctx   - optional context for the functions

673:   Calling sequence of `Sfunc`:
674: + ts   - the integrator
675: . time - the current time
676: . u    - the solution
677: . S    - the S-matrix from the formulation
678: - ctx  - the application context

680:   Calling sequence of `Ffunc`:
681: + ts   - the integrator
682: . time - the current time
683: . u    - the solution
684: . F    - the computed function from the formulation
685: - ctx  - the application context

687:   Calling sequence of `Gfunc`:
688: + ts   - the integrator
689: . time - the current time
690: . u    - the solution
691: . G    - the gradient of the computed function from the formulation
692: - ctx  - the application context

694:   Level: intermediate

696: .seealso: [](ch_ts), `TSDISCGRAD`, `TSDiscGradGetFormulation()`, `TSDiscGradSetImplicitFormulation()`
697: @*/
698: PetscErrorCode TSDiscGradSetFormulation(TS ts, PetscErrorCode (*Sfunc)(TS ts, PetscReal time, Vec u, Mat S, PetscCtx ctx), PetscErrorCode (*Ffunc)(TS ts, PetscReal time, Vec u, PetscScalar *F, PetscCtx ctx), PetscErrorCode (*Gfunc)(TS ts, PetscReal time, Vec u, Vec G, PetscCtx ctx), PetscCtx ctx)
699: {
700:   PetscFunctionBegin;
705:   PetscTryMethod(ts, "TSDiscGradSetFormulation_C", (TS, PetscErrorCode (*Sfunc)(TS, PetscReal, Vec, Mat, void *), PetscErrorCode (*Ffunc)(TS, PetscReal, Vec, PetscScalar *, void *), PetscErrorCode (*Gfunc)(TS, PetscReal, Vec, Vec, void *), void *), (ts, Sfunc, Ffunc, Gfunc, ctx));
706:   PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
707: }

709: /*@
710:   TSDiscGradGetType - Checks for which discrete gradient to use in formulation for `TSDISCGRAD`

712:   Not Collective

714:   Input Parameter:
715: . ts - timestepping context

717:   Output Parameter:
718: . dgtype - Discrete gradient type <none, gonzalez, average>

720:   Level: advanced

722: .seealso: [](ch_ts), `TSDISCGRAD`, `TSDiscGradSetType()`
723: @*/
724: PetscErrorCode TSDiscGradGetType(TS ts, TSDGType *dgtype)
725: {
726:   PetscFunctionBegin;
728:   PetscAssertPointer(dgtype, 2);
729:   PetscUseMethod(ts, "TSDiscGradGetType_C", (TS, TSDGType *), (ts, dgtype));
730:   PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
731: }

733: /*@
734:   TSDiscGradSetType - Sets discrete gradient formulation.

736:   Not Collective

738:   Input Parameters:
739: + ts     - timestepping context
740: - dgtype - Discrete gradient type <none, gonzalez, average>

742:   Options Database Key:
743: . -ts_discgrad_type (gonzalez|average|none) - flag to choose discrete gradient type

745:   Level: intermediate

747:   Notes:
748:   Without `dgtype` or with type `none`, the discrete gradients timestepper is just implicit midpoint.

750: .seealso: [](ch_ts), `TSDISCGRAD`, `TSDGType`
751: @*/
752: PetscErrorCode TSDiscGradSetType(TS ts, TSDGType dgtype)
753: {
754:   PetscFunctionBegin;
756:   PetscTryMethod(ts, "TSDiscGradSetType_C", (TS, TSDGType), (ts, dgtype));
757:   PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
758: }

760: /*@
761:   TSDiscGradSetImplicitFormulation - Set the construction method for IG and its Jacobian from the
762:   formulation $IG(t) = u_t - S(u) \nabla F(u)$ for `TSDISCGRAD`

764:   Not Collective

766:   Input Parameters:
767: + ts     - timestepping context
768: . IGfunc - implicit formulation
769: - IGjac  - implicit Jacobian

771:   Calling sequence of `IGfunc`:
772: + ts   - the integrator
773: . time - the current time
774: . u    - the solution
775: . u_t  - the time derivative
776: . G    - the LHS of the formulation
777: - ctx  - the user context

779:   Calling sequence of `IGjac`:
780: + ts    - the integrator
781: . time  - the current time
782: . u     - the solution
783: . u_t   - the time derivative
784: . shift - the multiplier for the time derivative part
785: . J     - the Jacobian of the LHS
786: . Jp    - the Jacobian preconditioner of the LHS
787: - ctx   - the user context

789:   Level: intermediate

791:   Note:
792:   This allows the DG formulation to be given in the PETSc style for fully implicit solvers.

794: .seealso: [](ch_ts), `TSDISCGRAD`, `TSDiscGradGetFormulation()`, `TSDiscGradSetFormulation()`
795: @*/
796: PetscErrorCode TSDiscGradSetImplicitFormulation(TS ts, PetscErrorCode (*IGfunc)(TS ts, PetscReal time, Vec u, Vec u_t, Vec G, void *ctx), PetscErrorCode (*IGjac)(TS ts, PetscReal time, Vec u, Vec u_t, PetscReal shift, Mat J, Mat Jp, void *ctx))
797: {
798:   PetscFunctionBegin;
802:   PetscTryMethod(ts, "TSDiscGradSetImplicitFormulation_C", (TS, PetscErrorCode (*)(TS, PetscReal, Vec, Vec, Vec, void *), PetscErrorCode (*)(TS, PetscReal, Vec, Vec, PetscReal, Mat, Mat, void *)), (ts, IGfunc, IGjac));
803:   PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
804: }