2: static char help[] = "Demonstrates use of VecCreateGhost().\n\n";

  4: /*T
  5:    Concepts: vectors^assembling vectors;
  6:    Concepts: vectors^ghost padding;
  7:    Processors: n

  9:    Description: Ghost padding is one way to handle local calculations that
 10:       involve values from other processors. VecCreateGhost() provides
 11:       a way to create vectors with extra room at the end of the vector
 12:       array to contain the needed ghost values from other processors,
 13:       vector computations are otherwise unaffected.
 14: T*/

 16: /*
 17:   Include "petscvec.h" so that we can use vectors.  Note that this file
 18:   automatically includes:
 19:      petscsys.h       - base PETSc routines   petscis.h     - index sets
 20:      petscviewer.h - viewers
 21: */
 22: #include <petscvec.h>

 24: int main(int argc,char **argv)
 25: {
 26:   PetscMPIInt    rank,size;
 27:   PetscInt       nlocal = 6,nghost = 2,ifrom[2],i,rstart,rend;
 29:   PetscBool      flg,flg2,flg3;
 30:   PetscScalar    value,*array,*tarray=0;
 31:   Vec            lx,gx,gxs;

 33:   PetscInitialize(&argc,&argv,(char*)0,help);if (ierr) return ierr;
 34:   MPI_Comm_rank(PETSC_COMM_WORLD,&rank);
 35:   MPI_Comm_size(PETSC_COMM_WORLD,&size);
 36:   if (size != 2) SETERRQ(PETSC_COMM_WORLD,PETSC_ERR_WRONG_MPI_SIZE,"Must run example with two processors\n");

 38:   /*
 39:      Construct a two dimensional graph connecting nlocal degrees of
 40:      freedom per processor. From this we will generate the global
 41:      indices of needed ghost values

 43:      For simplicity we generate the entire graph on each processor:
 44:      in real application the graph would stored in parallel, but this
 45:      example is only to demonstrate the management of ghost padding
 46:      with VecCreateGhost().

 48:      In this example we consider the vector as representing
 49:      degrees of freedom in a one dimensional grid with periodic
 50:      boundary conditions.

 52:         ----Processor  1---------  ----Processor 2 --------
 53:          0    1   2   3   4    5    6    7   8   9   10   11
 54:                                |----|
 55:          |-------------------------------------------------|

 57:   */

 59:   if (!rank) {
 60:     ifrom[0] = 11; ifrom[1] = 6;
 61:   } else {
 62:     ifrom[0] = 0;  ifrom[1] = 5;
 63:   }

 65:   /*
 66:      Create the vector with two slots for ghost points. Note that both
 67:      the local vector (lx) and the global vector (gx) share the same
 68:      array for storing vector values.
 69:   */
 70:   PetscOptionsHasName(NULL,NULL,"-allocate",&flg);
 71:   PetscOptionsHasName(NULL,NULL,"-vecmpisetghost",&flg2);
 72:   PetscOptionsHasName(NULL,NULL,"-minvalues",&flg3);
 73:   if (flg) {
 74:     PetscMalloc1(nlocal+nghost,&tarray);
 75:     VecCreateGhostWithArray(PETSC_COMM_WORLD,nlocal,PETSC_DECIDE,nghost,ifrom,tarray,&gxs);
 76:   } else if (flg2) {
 77:     VecCreate(PETSC_COMM_WORLD,&gxs);
 78:     VecSetType(gxs,VECMPI);
 79:     VecSetSizes(gxs,nlocal,PETSC_DECIDE);
 80:     VecMPISetGhost(gxs,nghost,ifrom);
 81:   } else {
 82:     VecCreateGhost(PETSC_COMM_WORLD,nlocal,PETSC_DECIDE,nghost,ifrom,&gxs);
 83:   }

 85:   /*
 86:       Test VecDuplicate()
 87:   */
 88:   VecDuplicate(gxs,&gx);
 89:   VecDestroy(&gxs);

 91:   /*
 92:      Access the local representation
 93:   */
 94:   VecGhostGetLocalForm(gx,&lx);

 96:   /*
 97:      Set the values from 0 to 12 into the "global" vector
 98:   */
 99:   VecGetOwnershipRange(gx,&rstart,&rend);
100:   for (i=rstart; i<rend; i++) {
101:     value = (PetscScalar) i;
102:     VecSetValues(gx,1,&i,&value,INSERT_VALUES);
103:   }
104:   VecAssemblyBegin(gx);
105:   VecAssemblyEnd(gx);

107:   VecGhostUpdateBegin(gx,INSERT_VALUES,SCATTER_FORWARD);
108:   VecGhostUpdateEnd(gx,INSERT_VALUES,SCATTER_FORWARD);

110:   /*
111:      Print out each vector, including the ghost padding region.
112:   */
113:   VecGetArray(lx,&array);
114:   for (i=0; i<nlocal+nghost; i++) {
115:     PetscSynchronizedPrintf(PETSC_COMM_WORLD,"%D %g\n",i,(double)PetscRealPart(array[i]));
116:   }
117:   VecRestoreArray(lx,&array);
118:   PetscSynchronizedFlush(PETSC_COMM_WORLD,PETSC_STDOUT);
119:   VecGhostRestoreLocalForm(gx,&lx);

121:   /* Another test that sets ghost values and then accumulates onto the owning processors using MIN_VALUES */
122:   if (flg3) {
123:     if (!rank){PetscSynchronizedPrintf(PETSC_COMM_WORLD,"\nTesting VecGhostUpdate with MIN_VALUES\n");}
124:     VecGhostGetLocalForm(gx,&lx);
125:     VecGetArray(lx,&array);
126:     for (i=0; i<nghost; i++) array[nlocal+i] = rank ? (PetscScalar)4 : (PetscScalar)8;
127:     VecRestoreArray(lx,&array);
128:     VecGhostRestoreLocalForm(gx,&lx);

130:     VecGhostUpdateBegin(gx,MIN_VALUES,SCATTER_REVERSE);
131:     VecGhostUpdateEnd(gx,MIN_VALUES,SCATTER_REVERSE);

133:     VecGhostGetLocalForm(gx,&lx);
134:     VecGetArray(lx,&array);

136:     for (i=0; i<nlocal+nghost; i++) {
137:       PetscSynchronizedPrintf(PETSC_COMM_WORLD,"%D %g\n",i,(double)PetscRealPart(array[i]));
138:     }
139:     VecRestoreArray(lx,&array);
140:     PetscSynchronizedFlush(PETSC_COMM_WORLD,PETSC_STDOUT);
141:     VecGhostRestoreLocalForm(gx,&lx);
142:   }

144:   VecDestroy(&gx);

146:   if (flg) {PetscFree(tarray);}
147:   PetscFinalize();
148:   return ierr;
149: }

151: /*TEST

153:      test:
154:        nsize: 2

156:      test:
157:        suffix: 2
158:        nsize: 2
159:        args: -allocate
160:        output_file: output/ex9_1.out

162:      test:
163:        suffix: 3
164:        nsize: 2
165:        args: -vecmpisetghost
166:        output_file: output/ex9_1.out

168:      test:
169:        suffix: 4
170:        nsize: 2
171:        args: -minvalues
172:        output_file: output/ex9_2.out
173:        requires: !complex

175: TEST*/