Actual source code: ex2.c

  1: static char help[] = "Newton method to solve u'' + u^{2} = f, sequentially.\n\
  2: This example employs a user-defined monitoring routine.\n\n";

  4: /*
  5:    Include "petscdraw.h" so that we can use PETSc drawing routines.
  6:    Include "petscsnes.h" so that we can use SNES solvers.  Note that this
  7:    file automatically includes:
  8:      petscsys.h       - base PETSc routines   petscvec.h - vectors
  9:      petscmat.h - matrices
 10:      petscis.h     - index sets            petscksp.h - Krylov subspace methods
 11:      petscviewer.h - viewers               petscpc.h  - preconditioners
 12:      petscksp.h   - linear solvers
 13: */

 15: #include <petscsnes.h>

 17: /*
 18:    User-defined routines
 19: */
 20: extern PetscErrorCode FormJacobian(SNES, Vec, Mat, Mat, void *);
 21: extern PetscErrorCode FormFunction(SNES, Vec, Vec, void *);
 22: extern PetscErrorCode FormInitialGuess(Vec);
 23: extern PetscErrorCode Monitor(SNES, PetscInt, PetscReal, void *);

 25: /*
 26:    User-defined context for monitoring
 27: */
 28: typedef struct {
 29:   PetscViewer viewer;
 30: } MonitorCtx;

 32: int main(int argc, char **argv)
 33: {
 34:   SNES        snes; /* SNES context */
 35:   KSP         ksp;
 36:   PC          pc;
 37:   Vec         x, r, F, U; /* vectors */
 38:   Mat         J;          /* Jacobian matrix */
 39:   MonitorCtx  monP;       /* monitoring context */
 40:   PetscInt    its, n = 5, i, maxit, maxf;
 41:   PetscMPIInt size;
 42:   PetscBool   test_set_pc_type_lu = PETSC_FALSE;
 43:   PetscScalar h, xp, v, none = -1.0;
 44:   PetscReal   abstol, rtol, stol, norm;

 46:   PetscFunctionBeginUser;
 47:   PetscCall(PetscInitialize(&argc, &argv, NULL, help));
 48:   PetscCallMPI(MPI_Comm_size(PETSC_COMM_WORLD, &size));
 49:   PetscCheck(size == 1, PETSC_COMM_SELF, PETSC_ERR_WRONG_MPI_SIZE, "This is a uniprocessor example only!");
 50:   PetscCall(PetscOptionsGetInt(NULL, NULL, "-n", &n, NULL));
 51:   h = 1.0 / (n - 1);

 53:   /* - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
 54:      Create nonlinear solver context
 55:      - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - */

 57:   PetscCall(SNESCreate(PETSC_COMM_WORLD, &snes));

 59:   /* - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
 60:      Create vector data structures; set function evaluation routine
 61:      - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - */
 62:   /*
 63:      Note that we form 1 vector from scratch and then duplicate as needed.
 64:   */
 65:   PetscCall(VecCreate(PETSC_COMM_WORLD, &x));
 66:   PetscCall(VecSetSizes(x, PETSC_DECIDE, n));
 67:   PetscCall(VecSetFromOptions(x));
 68:   PetscCall(VecDuplicate(x, &r));
 69:   PetscCall(VecDuplicate(x, &F));
 70:   PetscCall(VecDuplicate(x, &U));

 72:   /*
 73:      Set function evaluation routine and vector
 74:   */
 75:   PetscCall(SNESSetFunction(snes, r, FormFunction, (void *)F));

 77:   /* - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
 78:      Create matrix data structure; set Jacobian evaluation routine
 79:      - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - */

 81:   PetscCall(MatCreate(PETSC_COMM_WORLD, &J));
 82:   PetscCall(MatSetSizes(J, PETSC_DECIDE, PETSC_DECIDE, n, n));
 83:   PetscCall(MatSetFromOptions(J));
 84:   PetscCall(MatSeqAIJSetPreallocation(J, 3, NULL));

 86:   /*
 87:      Set Jacobian matrix data structure and default Jacobian evaluation
 88:      routine. User can override with:
 89:      -snes_fd : default finite differencing approximation of Jacobian
 90:      -snes_mf : matrix-free Newton-Krylov method with no preconditioning
 91:                 (unless user explicitly sets preconditioner)
 92:      -snes_mf_operator : form matrix used to construct the preconditioner as set by the user,
 93:                          but use matrix-free approx for Jacobian-vector
 94:                          products within Newton-Krylov method
 95:   */

 97:   PetscCall(SNESSetJacobian(snes, J, J, FormJacobian, NULL));

 99:   /* - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
100:      Customize nonlinear solver; set runtime options
101:    - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - */

103:   /*
104:      Set an optional user-defined monitoring routine
105:   */
106:   PetscCall(PetscViewerDrawOpen(PETSC_COMM_WORLD, 0, 0, 0, 0, 400, 400, &monP.viewer));
107:   PetscCall(SNESMonitorSet(snes, Monitor, &monP, 0));

109:   /*
110:      Set names for some vectors to facilitate monitoring (optional)
111:   */
112:   PetscCall(PetscObjectSetName((PetscObject)x, "Approximate Solution"));
113:   PetscCall(PetscObjectSetName((PetscObject)U, "Exact Solution"));

115:   PetscCall(PetscOptionsGetBool(NULL, NULL, "-test_set_pc_type_lu", &test_set_pc_type_lu, NULL));
116:   if (test_set_pc_type_lu) {
117:     PetscCall(SNESGetKSP(snes, &ksp));
118:     PetscCall(KSPGetPC(ksp, &pc));
119:     PetscCall(PCSetType(pc, PCLU));
120:   }

122:   /*
123:      Set SNES/KSP/KSP/PC runtime options, e.g.,
124:          -snes_view -snes_monitor -ksp_type <ksp> -pc_type <pc>
125:   */
126:   PetscCall(SNESSetFromOptions(snes));

128:   /*
129:      Print parameters used for convergence testing (optional) ... just
130:      to demonstrate this routine; this information is also printed with
131:      the option -snes_view
132:   */
133:   PetscCall(SNESGetTolerances(snes, &abstol, &rtol, &stol, &maxit, &maxf));
134:   PetscCall(PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_WORLD, "atol=%g, rtol=%g, stol=%g, maxit=%" PetscInt_FMT ", maxf=%" PetscInt_FMT "\n", (double)abstol, (double)rtol, (double)stol, maxit, maxf));

136:   /* - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
137:      Initialize application:
138:      Store right-hand side of PDE and exact solution
139:    - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - */

141:   xp = 0.0;
142:   for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
143:     v = 6.0 * xp + PetscPowScalar(xp + 1.e-12, 6.0); /* +1.e-12 is to prevent 0^6 */
144:     PetscCall(VecSetValues(F, 1, &i, &v, INSERT_VALUES));
145:     v = xp * xp * xp;
146:     PetscCall(VecSetValues(U, 1, &i, &v, INSERT_VALUES));
147:     xp += h;
148:   }

150:   /* - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
151:      Evaluate initial guess; then solve nonlinear system
152:    - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - */
153:   /*
154:      Note: The user should initialize the vector, x, with the initial guess
155:      for the nonlinear solver prior to calling SNESSolve().  In particular,
156:      to employ an initial guess of zero, the user should explicitly set
157:      this vector to zero by calling VecSet().
158:   */
159:   PetscCall(FormInitialGuess(x));
160:   PetscCall(SNESSolve(snes, NULL, x));
161:   PetscCall(SNESGetIterationNumber(snes, &its));
162:   PetscCall(PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_WORLD, "number of SNES iterations = %" PetscInt_FMT "\n\n", its));

164:   /* - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
165:      Check solution and clean up
166:    - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - */

168:   /*
169:      Check the error
170:   */
171:   PetscCall(VecAXPY(x, none, U));
172:   PetscCall(VecNorm(x, NORM_2, &norm));
173:   PetscCall(PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_WORLD, "Norm of error %g, Iterations %" PetscInt_FMT "\n", (double)norm, its));

175:   /*
176:      Free work space.  All PETSc objects should be destroyed when they
177:      are no longer needed.
178:   */
179:   PetscCall(VecDestroy(&x));
180:   PetscCall(VecDestroy(&r));
181:   PetscCall(VecDestroy(&U));
182:   PetscCall(VecDestroy(&F));
183:   PetscCall(MatDestroy(&J));
184:   PetscCall(SNESDestroy(&snes));
185:   PetscCall(PetscViewerDestroy(&monP.viewer));
186:   PetscCall(PetscFinalize());
187:   return 0;
188: }
189: /* ------------------------------------------------------------------- */
190: /*
191:    FormInitialGuess - Computes initial guess.

193:    Input/Output Parameter:
194: .  x - the solution vector
195: */
196: PetscErrorCode FormInitialGuess(Vec x)
197: {
198:   PetscFunctionBeginUser;
199:   PetscCall(VecSet(x, 0.5));
200:   PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
201: }
202: /* ------------------------------------------------------------------- */
203: /*
204:    FormFunction - Evaluates nonlinear function, F(x).

206:    Input Parameters:
207: .  snes - the SNES context
208: .  x - input vector
209: .  ctx - optional user-defined context, as set by SNESSetFunction()

211:    Output Parameter:
212: .  f - function vector

214:    Note:
215:    The user-defined context can contain any application-specific data
216:    needed for the function evaluation (such as various parameters, work
217:    vectors, and grid information).  In this program the context is just
218:    a vector containing the right-hand side of the discretized PDE.
219:  */

221: PetscErrorCode FormFunction(SNES snes, Vec x, Vec f, PetscCtx ctx)
222: {
223:   Vec                g = (Vec)ctx;
224:   const PetscScalar *xx, *gg;
225:   PetscScalar       *ff, d;
226:   PetscInt           i, n;

228:   PetscFunctionBeginUser;
229:   /*
230:      Get pointers to vector data.
231:        - For default PETSc vectors, VecGetArray() returns a pointer to
232:          the data array.  Otherwise, the routine is implementation dependent.
233:        - You MUST call VecRestoreArray() when you no longer need access to
234:          the array.
235:   */
236:   PetscCall(VecGetArrayRead(x, &xx));
237:   PetscCall(VecGetArray(f, &ff));
238:   PetscCall(VecGetArrayRead(g, &gg));

240:   /*
241:      Compute function
242:   */
243:   PetscCall(VecGetSize(x, &n));
244:   d     = (PetscReal)(n - 1);
245:   d     = d * d;
246:   ff[0] = xx[0];
247:   for (i = 1; i < n - 1; i++) ff[i] = d * (xx[i - 1] - 2.0 * xx[i] + xx[i + 1]) + xx[i] * xx[i] - gg[i];
248:   ff[n - 1] = xx[n - 1] - 1.0;

250:   /*
251:      Restore vectors
252:   */
253:   PetscCall(VecRestoreArrayRead(x, &xx));
254:   PetscCall(VecRestoreArray(f, &ff));
255:   PetscCall(VecRestoreArrayRead(g, &gg));
256:   PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
257: }
258: /* ------------------------------------------------------------------- */
259: /*
260:    FormJacobian - Evaluates Jacobian matrix.

262:    Input Parameters:
263: .  snes - the SNES context
264: .  x - input vector
265: .  dummy - optional user-defined context (not used here)

267:    Output Parameters:
268: .  jac - Jacobian matrix
269: .  B - optionally different matrix used to construct the preconditioner

271: */

273: PetscErrorCode FormJacobian(SNES snes, Vec x, Mat jac, Mat B, void *dummy)
274: {
275:   const PetscScalar *xx;
276:   PetscScalar        A[3], d;
277:   PetscInt           i, n, j[3];

279:   PetscFunctionBeginUser;
280:   /*
281:      Get pointer to vector data
282:   */
283:   PetscCall(VecGetArrayRead(x, &xx));

285:   /*
286:      Compute Jacobian entries and insert into matrix.
287:       - Note that in this case we set all elements for a particular
288:         row at once.
289:   */
290:   PetscCall(VecGetSize(x, &n));
291:   d = (PetscReal)(n - 1);
292:   d = d * d;

294:   /*
295:      Interior grid points
296:   */
297:   for (i = 1; i < n - 1; i++) {
298:     j[0] = i - 1;
299:     j[1] = i;
300:     j[2] = i + 1;
301:     A[0] = A[2] = d;
302:     A[1]        = -2.0 * d + 2.0 * xx[i];
303:     PetscCall(MatSetValues(B, 1, &i, 3, j, A, INSERT_VALUES));
304:   }

306:   /*
307:      Boundary points
308:   */
309:   i    = 0;
310:   A[0] = 1.0;

312:   PetscCall(MatSetValues(B, 1, &i, 1, &i, A, INSERT_VALUES));

314:   i    = n - 1;
315:   A[0] = 1.0;

317:   PetscCall(MatSetValues(B, 1, &i, 1, &i, A, INSERT_VALUES));

319:   /*
320:      Restore vector
321:   */
322:   PetscCall(VecRestoreArrayRead(x, &xx));

324:   /*
325:      Assemble matrix
326:   */
327:   PetscCall(MatAssemblyBegin(B, MAT_FINAL_ASSEMBLY));
328:   PetscCall(MatAssemblyEnd(B, MAT_FINAL_ASSEMBLY));
329:   if (jac != B) {
330:     PetscCall(MatAssemblyBegin(jac, MAT_FINAL_ASSEMBLY));
331:     PetscCall(MatAssemblyEnd(jac, MAT_FINAL_ASSEMBLY));
332:   }
333:   PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
334: }
335: /* ------------------------------------------------------------------- */
336: /*
337:    Monitor - User-defined monitoring routine that views the
338:    current iterate with an x-window plot.

340:    Input Parameters:
341:    snes - the SNES context
342:    its - iteration number
343:    norm - 2-norm function value (may be estimated)
344:    ctx - optional user-defined context for private data for the
345:          monitor routine, as set by SNESMonitorSet()

347:    Note:
348:    See the manpage for PetscViewerDrawOpen() for useful runtime options,
349:    such as -nox to deactivate all x-window output.
350:  */
351: PetscErrorCode Monitor(SNES snes, PetscInt its, PetscReal fnorm, PetscCtx ctx)
352: {
353:   MonitorCtx         *monP = (MonitorCtx *)ctx;
354:   Vec                 x;
355:   SNESConvergedReason reason;

357:   PetscFunctionBeginUser;
358:   PetscCall(PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_WORLD, "iter = %" PetscInt_FMT ", SNES Function norm %g\n", its, (double)fnorm));
359:   PetscCall(SNESGetConvergedReason(snes, &reason));
360:   PetscCall(SNESGetSolution(snes, &x));
361:   PetscCall(VecView(x, monP->viewer));
362:   PetscCall(PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_WORLD, "  converged = %s\n", SNESConvergedReasons[reason]));
363:   PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
364: }

366: /*TEST

368:    test:
369:       args: -nox -snes_monitor_cancel -snes_monitor -snes_view -pc_type jacobi -ksp_gmres_cgs_refinement_type refine_always

371:    test:
372:       suffix: 2
373:       args: -nox -snes_monitor_cancel -snes_monitor -snes_type newtontr -snes_view
374:       requires: !single

376:    test:
377:       suffix: 3
378:       args: -nox -malloc no -options_left no -snes_monitor_cancel -snes_monitor -snes_view -pc_type jacobi -ksp_gmres_cgs_refinement_type refine_always

380:    test:
381:       suffix: 4
382:       args: -nox -snes_monitor_cancel -snes_monitor -snes_type newtontrdc -snes_view
383:       requires: !single

385:    test:
386:       suffix: 5
387:       filter: grep -v atol | sed -e "s/CONVERGED_ITS/DIVERGED_MAX_IT/g" | sed -e "s/CONVERGED_FNORM_RELATIVE/DIVERGED_MAX_IT/g"
388:       args: -nox -snes_type {{newtonls newtontr ncg ngmres qn anderson nrichardson ms ksponly ksptransposeonly vinewtonrsls vinewtonssls fas ms}} -snes_max_it 1
389:       requires: !single

391:    test:
392:       suffix: mf_default_pc
393:       args: -nox -snes_mf -snes_max_it 0 -snes_view
394:       filter: grep -A 1 "^  PC Object"

396:    test:
397:       suffix: mf_pcksp
398:       args: -nox -snes_mf -pc_type ksp -snes_max_it 0 -snes_view
399:       filter: grep -A 1 "^  PC Object"

401:    test:
402:       suffix: incompatible_mf_pc
403:       args: -nox -snes_mf -pc_type lu -petsc_ci_portable_error_output -error_output_stdout
404:       filter: grep "factorization type LU and matrix type mffd"
405:       requires: !defined(PETSCTEST_VALGRIND) !defined(PETSC_HAVE_SANITIZER)

407:    test:
408:       suffix: incompatible_mf_pc_api
409:       args: -nox -snes_mf -test_set_pc_type_lu -petsc_ci_portable_error_output -error_output_stdout
410:       filter: grep "factorization type LU and matrix type mffd"
411:       output_file: output/ex2_incompatible_mf_pc.out
412:       requires: !defined(PETSCTEST_VALGRIND) !defined(PETSC_HAVE_SANITIZER)

414: TEST*/